What point(s) on the capnographic waveform represents) a mixture of alveolar gas and dead space gas2/29/2024 ![]() Capnometer: The machine that gives a reading, in the form of a number, of end-tidal carbon dioxide.Capnometry: The actual measuring of the end-tidal pressure of carbon dioxide.Definitions related to capnometry and capnography The terms capnometry and capnography are often used interchangeably, but there is a difference (Table 1). The CO 2 level is usually expressed as partial pressure in mm Hg, although some units display percentage CO 2 or FCO 2. Carbon dioxide selectively absorbs specific wavelengths (4.26 µm) of light, which allows the CO 2 level to be measured. 12 A beam of infrared radiation is sent through an air sample to a photometer. 7, 12, 10, 17, 20 The most common method of measuring CO 2 uses infrared spectroscopy. Visit the articles on monitoring the degree of central nervous system depression ( anesthetic depth), vital signs, blood pressure, pulse oximetry, and electrocardiography in exotic animal patients for additional information.Ĭapnometry measures the maximum value of carbon dioxide (CO 2) obtained at the end of expiration (ETCO 2), which reflects the level of CO 2 present in alveolar gas. This article is part of a RACE-approved Anesthetic Monitoring teaching module.Therefore, assisted ventilation should begin immediately after anesthetic induction in birds to prevent hypercapnia and hypoxemia. Hypoventilation and hypercapnia are a potential problem in every species under general anesthesia, however the negative physiologic effects of hypoventilation develop much more rapidly in anesthetized birds. ![]()
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